Working Paper Vol. 31

In the Greater Region, the intensity of cross-border mobility and sectoral tensions in the labour market place professional training at the heart of skills issues. Cross-border professional training is a strategic lever for the integration of young people and regional competitiveness, but it remains organised by heterogeneous national frameworks. A comparative analysis of the systems highlights areas of convergence (stronger labour-market orientation of higher education, expansion of work-study programmes, and the development of skills-based approaches) but also persistent differences (contracts, governance, remuneration, recognition of qualifications, mentoring) that lead to fragile local adjustments. The Longwy case study, enriched by testimonials from the UniGR-CBS Forum Greater Region (April 2025), shows that these pathways generate hybrid skills that are particularly valued by businesses. This working paper highlights the need to strengthen regional coordination, improve support structures, professionalise mentoring practices, and enhance the recognition of cross-border skills in order to consolidate these pathways in a sustainable way.